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Assembly Language Tutorial Please choose a tutorial page:. Information about C. SC CDKey Initial Verification. SC CDKey Shuffle. SC CDKey Final Decode.
Storm.dll SStrChr. Smashing the Stack. Cracking a Game. Cracking a game. Writing a keygen.
Writing a cheat for Starcraft (1.05). Displaying Messages. Above, w/ func ptrs. Getting IX86.dll files.
Keygen for a 16-bit game. Writing a loader This section will go over several techniques used by crackers to register games/software. I don't mention cd-cracks, because I don't know how to do those; rather, I mention attacks that are generally based on a key or registration code. Contents. Common Protections The most common protection, and the one discussed here, is when a program requires a registration key to unlock. Usually, the key is based either on a random registration code provided by the program, or based on the username you enter. I'll list some definitions here.
Note that these definitions are mine, and won't necessarily correspond to definitions others use. These are simply to make it easier to understand this and proceeding sections:. A registration code is a code generated by a program, that the registration key is derived from or checked against.
A registration username or just username is a username that a user enters. The registration key is based on that username. A registration key is the key used to unlock a program. It may be based on a registration code, on a registration username, or based on nothing at all. Finding the Spot The very first example goes over Starcraft's CDKey verification algorithm, but I provided the algorithm. Starcraft's is the simplest kind of verification, the key verifies itself without a username or code. The question is, how do you find the algorithm?
Well, the unfortunate answer is, it varies, and it generally isn't easy. The first step is obviously to disassemble the program. After that, as a cracker, you have to try and find a weak point in the program. Here are several techniques:.
Search for the text prompting for the key. Search for the registration code in memory, and find out where it's accessed. Enter a code, have it fail, then search memory for that failed code. Search for anything unique about the registration (colors, text, dialogs, etc).
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Search for the registry key that stores the key. Search for a file that stores registration information.
Search for the error message when a bad key is given The last technique is the most useful one, I've found. However, trying them all, and trying anything else that seems to suit the game works best. In the example in the next section, I found that searching for the text informing the user that the software is unregistered worked well for the game, as you'll see later. I may do a second example where I searched for the file that stored the key, and where it was created. To find Starcraft's CDKey verifier, I started with the network traffic, at the Winsock function (send and recv). From there, I backtracked to find where the packet is sent that validates the Starcraft key with Battle.net.
It was a lot of work, but at the time I was learning about Starcraft's network activity so it was mostly a side-effect of what I was already doing. If I continue writing these tutorials, I might eventually get into that much detail, but I have no plans to yet. Cracking the Game Once the right spot is found, cracking a game is often very easy. Typically, a program will have the following code: if(keyIsValid) unlock else displayError The assembly for that would look like: 85 xx test keyIsValid, keyIsValid 74 06 jz error e8 xx xx xx xx call unlock eb 06 jmp done error: e8 xx xx xx xx call displayError done: As discussed in the section on machine code, the bytes to the left may be the machine code bytes (I did them quickly from a reference sheet, so they may or may not be exactly correct. This program can be modified by changing a couple bytes, which can either force the code to jump always or jump never.
If you had bothered to read the 'buy' page, you would have learned that you could spare yourself the effort of writing a keygen or crack - if you can't afford the license fee and you are a genuine enthusiast, we're happy to work something out! We're not some big evil company and we're not in it for the money. Heck, we make a loss on this all for the love of the hobby and are not even covering our costs as it is.
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Besides, ST's release cycle is one of continuous updates - you'd be continuously waiting for the next crack or keygen in order to avail of the latest features and bug fixes (of which there can be several a month).